Proposed Test Rule: video element auditory content has accessible alternative
Applicability
This rule applies to every non-streaming video
element that is visible, where the video contains audio.
Expectation
For each test target, the outcome of at least one of the following rules is passed:
Assumptions
- This rule assumes that the video element is used to play synchronized media (video with audio), and that there is a mechanism to start the media.
- This rule assumes that the language of each test target can be correctly determined (either programmatically or by analyzing the content), and sufficiently understood.
Accessibility Support
There are no major accessibility support issues known for this rule.
Background
Bibliography
- Understanding Success Criterion 1.2.2: Captions (Prerecorded)
- G93: Providing open (always visible) captions
- G87: Providing closed captions
- H95: Using the track element to provide captions
Accessibility Requirements Mapping
1.2.2 Captions (Prerecorded) (Level A)
- Learn more about 1.2.2 Captions (Prerecorded)
- Required for conformance to WCAG 2.0 and later on level A and higher.
- Outcome mapping:
- Any
failed
outcomes: success criterion is not satisfied - All
passed
outcomes: success criterion needs further testing - An
inapplicable
outcome: success criterion needs further testing
- Any
G87: Providing closed captions
- Learn more about technique G87
- Not required for conformance to any W3C accessibility recommendation.
- Outcome mapping:
- Any
failed
outcomes: technique is not satisfied - All
passed
outcomes: technique needs further testing - An
inapplicable
outcome: technique needs further testing
- Any
G93: Providing open (always visible) captions
- Learn more about technique G93
- Not required for conformance to any W3C accessibility recommendation.
- Outcome mapping:
- Any
failed
outcomes: technique is not satisfied - All
passed
outcomes: technique needs further testing - An
inapplicable
outcome: technique needs further testing
- Any
H95: Using the track element to provide captions
- Learn more about technique H95
- Not required for conformance to any W3C accessibility recommendation.
- Outcome mapping:
- Any
failed
outcomes: technique is not satisfied - All
passed
outcomes: technique needs further testing - An
inapplicable
outcome: technique needs further testing
- Any
Input Rules
Outcomes of the following rules are required as input for this rule.
Test Cases
Passed
Passed Example 1
A video element with an associated track element that contains captions for all the audio.
<html lang="en">
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video.mp4" controls>
<track src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-caption.vtt" kind="captions" />
</video>
</html>
Passed Example 2
A video element that describes some of the text on the same page. The text on the page labels the video as an alternative.
<html lang="en">
<p>
Web Accessibility Perspectives: Keyboard Accessibility. Not being able to use your computer because your mouse
doesn't work, is frustrating. Many people use only the keyboard to navigate websites. Either through preference or
circumstance. This is solved by keyboard compatibility. Keyboard compatibility is described in WCAG. See the video
below to watch the same information again in video form.
</p>
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video.mp4" controls></video>
</html>
Failed
Failed Example 1
A video element without any form of captions.
<html lang="en">
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video.mp4" controls></video>
</html>
Failed Example 2
A video element that describes some of the text on the same page. The video contains more information than the text does.
<html lang="en">
<p>
Not being able to use your computer because your mouse doesn't work, is frustrating. Either through preference or
circumstance. This is solved by keyboard compatibility. Keyboard compatibility is described in WCAG. See the video
below to watch the same information again in video form.
</p>
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video.mp4" controls></video>
</html>
Inapplicable
Inapplicable Example 1
A video element that is not visible.
<html lang="en">
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video.mp4" controls style="display: none;"></video>
</html>
Inapplicable Example 2
A video element without audio.
<html lang="en">
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video-silent.mp4" controls></video>
</html>
Glossary
Non-streaming media element
A non-streaming media element is an HTML Media Element for which the duration
property is not 0.
Outcome
An outcome is a conclusion that comes from evaluating an ACT Rule on a test subject or one of its constituent test target. An outcome can be one of the three following types:
- Inapplicable: No part of the test subject matches the applicability
- Passed: A test target meets all expectations
- Failed: A test target does not meet all expectations
Note: A rule has one passed
or failed
outcome for every test target. When there are no test targets the rule has one inapplicable
outcome. This means that each test subject will have one or more outcomes.
Note: Implementations using the EARL10-Schema can express the outcome with the outcome property. In addition to passed
, failed
and inapplicable
, EARL 1.0 also defined an incomplete
outcome. While this cannot be the outcome of an ACT Rule when applied in its entirety, it often happens that rules are only partially evaluated. For example, when applicability was automated, but the expectations have to be evaluated manually. Such “interim” results can be expressed with the incomplete
outcome.
Visible
Content perceivable through sight.
Content is considered visible if making it fully transparent would result in a difference in the pixels rendered for any part of the document that is currently within the viewport or can be brought into the viewport via scrolling.
For more details, see examples of visible.
Implementations
This section is not part of the official rule. It is populated dynamically and not accounted for in the change history or the last modified date.
Implementation | Consistency | Complete | Report |
---|---|---|---|
Axe-core | Consistent | Yes | View Report |
QualWeb | Consistent | Yes | View Report |
Changelog
This is the first version of this ACT rule.